比较级和最高级的用法

概括：这道题是毕霖侄同学的课后英语练习题，主要是关于比较级和最高级的用法，指导老师为竺老师。

题目：比较级和最高级的用法

解：

英语中形容词和副词有三个比较等级,即原级,比较级和最高级.

两者进行比较时,用比较级,“…比…更…”.

三者或三者以上进行比较时,用最高级“…最…”.

一.形容词或副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则.

1）单音节词尾加er或est,变成比较级或最高级.

new-newer-newest hard-harder-hardest

great-greater-greatest

2)单音节词以e结尾的,只加r或st.

large-larger-largest nice-nicer-nicest

brave-braver-bravest late-later-latest

3）以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词,应双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est.

fat-fatter-fattest big-bigger-biggest

hot-hotter-hottest thin-thinner-thinnest

4) 少数以“er”,“ow”等结尾的双音节词,末尾加er或est.

clever-cleverer- cleverest

narrow-narrower-narrowest

)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,先把y去掉,再加ier和iest

easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest

heavy-heavier-heaviest

6)其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级

easily—more easily—most easily

difficult-more difficult-most difficult

不规则变化

good-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst

many/much-more-most little-less-least

far-farther-farthest

二.用法.

1）比较级只用于两者之间,常用于“比较级+than”结构中.

e.g.He is fatter than I.

She did it more carefully than he.

2）最高级常用于“the +最高级+比较范围”

e.g.She is the best student in the class.

她是这个班里最好的学生.

She sings (the) best in the class.

她在这个班唱得最好.

3）形容词最高级前必须加the,副词最高级常可省略the.

举一反三

例1： 比较级与最高级的用法（英语）急···[英语练习题]

思路提示：

绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同.

形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形. 例如:

poor tall great glad bad

形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的. 分为规则变化和不规则变化.

规则变化如下:

1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成.

great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级)

2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成.

wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级)

3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成.

clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级)

4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.

happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)

5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est.

big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级)

6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成.

beautiful (原级)? difficult (原级)

more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级)

most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级)

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:

原级 比较级 最高级

good better best

many more most

much more most

bad worse worst

little less least

ill worse worst

far farther(further) farthest(furthest)

形容词前如加 less 和 lest 则表示"较不"和"最不"

important 重要

less important 较不重要

lest important 最不重要

形容词比较级的用法:

形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:

主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分. 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句.注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分.

Our teacher is taller than we are.

我们老师的个子比我们的高.

It is warmer today than it was yesterday.

今天的天气比昨天暖和.

This picture is more beautiful than that one.

这张照片比那张照片漂亮.

This meeting is less important than that one.

这次会议不如那次会议重要.

The sun is much bigger than the moon.

太阳比月亮大得多.

形容词最高级的用法:

形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:

主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句.

She is the best student in her class.

她是班上最好的学生.

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

上海是中国最大城市之一.

This is the biggest apple I have ever met.

这是我见到的最大的苹果.

Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team.

汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子.

有关形容词的几个特殊用法:

most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 "极,很,非常, 十分".

It's most dangerous to be here.

在这儿太危险.

I cannot do it, it's most difficult.

我干不了这件事,太难了.

"The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级..."表示 " 越... 就越...".

The more you study, the more you know.

你学的越多, 就知道的越多.

The more I have, the more I want.

我越有就越想要有.

The more, the better.

越多越好.

" 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越... ".

It's getting hotter and hotter.

天气越来越热了.

It's pity he is getting poorer and poorer.

真可怜他越来越穷了.

The computer is cheaper and cheaper.

计算机越来越便宜.

The more and more people focus on the meeting next year.

越来越多的人关注明年的会议.

主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句.表示两者对比相同.

This box is as big as mine.

这个盒子和我的一样大.

This coat is as cheap as that one.

这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜.

I study English as hard as my brother.

我同我兄弟一样学习努力.

the + 形容词 表示某种人.

He always helps the poor.

他经常帮助穷人.

I like to have a talk with the young.

我喜欢同年轻人谈话.

The rich sometimes complain their empty life.

富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活.

The police led the old man across the street.

警察领老人横过马路.

例2： 比较级和最高级的用法尽量少点也不能太少我整理笔记用的[英语练习题]

思路提示：

形容词与副词的比较级

Objective(目的):

Learn the Grammar:

《The comparative degree & superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs.》

Procedure(步骤)：

I. Listen to the tape and try to speak out the adjectives and adverbs

in the sentences.

1. Tom is bright.

2. It is fine today.

3. There was a heavy rain yesterday.

4. Zhang Hua is thin.

5. Listen to me carefully.

6. Tom speaks English well.

II. Ask two students to come to the front and compare heights and ages.

A is tall. B is taller. C is the tallest.

C is young. B is younger. A is the youngest.

III. Forms of adjectives and adverbs.

A. a. & adv. + er/est

1. a. & adv. +er/est

2. a. & adv. + r/st

3. a. & adv. 改 y 为 i + er/est

4. 双写 + er/est

B. more/most + a. & adv.

C. 不规则

many/much--more--most

old--older/elder--oldest/eldest

far--farther/further--farthest/furthest

ill/bad/badly--worse--worst

little--less--least

good/well--better--best

IV. Change the following original forms into comparative degrees

and Superlative degrees.

Slow --slower --slowest full--fuller--fullest

brave--braver --bravest wide--wider--widest

wet -- wetter --wettest sad--sadder--saddest

pretty--prettier--prettiest shy--shyer(shier)--shyest(shiest)

useful--more useful--most useful

expensive--more expensive--most expensive

V. Main points(要点）.

1. 双音节词多数用more/most

eg. careful--more careful--most careful

famous--more famous--most famous

active--more active--most active

honest--more honest--most honest

unfair--more unfair--most unfair

ugly--more ugly--most ugly

2. 双音节词少数 + er/est

eg. clever--cleverer--cleverest

able--abler--ablest

3. 单音节形容词后加后缀ly构成的副词却是加more/most

eg. slowly--more slowly--most slowly

quickly--more quickly--most quickly

quietly--more quietly--most quietly

4. 双音节词前加un构成的三音节词+er/est

eg. unhappy--unhappier--unhappiest

unlucky--unluckier--unluckiest

5. 有些名词后+ly 构成形容词+er/est

eg. friendly--friendlier--friendliest

lovely--lovelier--lovelist

6. 有些双音节形容词即可加er/est又可用more/most

common--commoner--commonest

more/most common

likely stupid simple polite

handsome tired narrow often

gentle (温柔的） pleasant (宜人的）

7. 有些词没有比较级和最高级

top gray dead empty

round right wooden complete

8. 特殊情况

up--upper--uppermost late--later--latest(表时间)

late--later--last(表顺序)

VI. Usage

1. A > B

2. A = B

3. A < B

4. A > B, C...

VII. Questions.

1. than 的前面一定是比较级吗?

less + 原级 + than

He is less clever than his brother.

2. most前一定是用the吗?

She is___a___most beautiful girl.

She is__the__most beautiful gril in our class.

3. 比较级前一律不用冠词吗?

She is the taller of the two.

The earlier we start, the sooner we'll be back.

4. 修饰比较级只能用much,even,still,slightly,a lot, a little,

far, a great deal of吗?

倍数 年月 百分数

eg. Tom is three years older than Mike.

5. 两倍大,大两倍怎么表达

eg. Our school is twice as big as theirs.

Our school is twice bigger than theirs.

6. 含than 的句式都表示比较级吗?

eg. He is taller than anybody else in the class.

He is taller than any other student in the class.

7. as...as结构中间既有形容词又有名词时,顺序如何排列?

eg. 汤姆是个同他父亲一样好的老师.

Tom is as good a teacher as his father.

8. 表示“越来越”的意思时前后一定要一致吗?

eg. The smoke grew heavier and thicker.

9. 比较的对象前后一定要一致吗?

eg. It is warmer in winter in Shanghai than Beijing. x

It is warmer in winter in Shanghai than (it is) in Beijing.

10. 当比较的定语不同时能用it 和they吗?

eg. The climate of Shanghai is warmer in winter than that of Beijing.

The computers of our school are better than those of theirs.

例3： 【比较级和最高级的用法as..as1.thebigpearassweetasthesmallone.2.themonkeyassmartasthatone.有语法错误吗?themonkey后面用不用加be动词?如果as+副词+as用加be动词吗?这个是as...as句型。要是可以的话谁】[英语练习题]

思路提示：

第一个问题：两个句子的语法都有错误,都缺少了BE动词.所以应该改成

1.the big pear is as sweet as the small one.

2.the monkey is as smart as that one.

第二个问题：用比较级结构的时候即“as...as”结构的时候前面一般都要有BE动词,动词也可以比如说This car runs as fast as that one.比较级中间可以是副词也可以是形容词看场合而定.（你的例句就是形容词而我的就是副词）

第三个问题：最高级的用法：一般结构是“the+形容词最高级 ”比如说the most important people,the smartest person,the most oudstanding research,the highest mountain.

造句的话,就给你造两个吧：（基本用法都是一样的）

1.Tom is as tall as Jim.否定 Tom is not taller than Jim.

2.This computer is as expensive as that one.否定This computer is not more expensive than that one.

PS:希望我的回答能够帮到你~

例4： 英语最高级比较级的用法IthinkLiMingisthestrongeststudentinourclass.Iagreewithyou,butwhoisthesecond______A.srongB.strongerC.strongestD.thestrongest应该填写哪一个[英语练习题]

思路提示：

C

两者之间比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级

这里是说李明是全班最壮的,但谁是全班第二壮的呢?仍然是全班同学的环境下做比较,所以还是用最高级

例5： 比较级与最高级的用法[英语练习题]

思路提示：

形容词、副词比较级和最高级

Comparative degree & Superlative degree:

一、比较级构成方式：

A．adj / adv + er / est

poor→poorer→poorest fast→faster→fastest

B．词尾e + r / st

large→larger→largest fine→finer→finest

C．重读闭音节中短元音 + 辅音词尾→双写辅音词尾 + er / est.

big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest

D．辅音 + y→i + er / est

dry→drier→driest angry→angrier→angriest

E．多音节形容词及副词：

more + adj / adv most + adj / adv

F．不规则变化：

good / well→better→best

bad / ill→worse→worst

many / much→more→most

little→less→least

late→later→ / latest

late→latter→last

far→farther→farthest

far→further→furthest

【用法示例】

比较级用于二者相比较,由than构成比较状语从句：

（1）笔记要点：两个相比较的主语必须相对应.

...He looks stronger than I(do).

...The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.

...My Schoolbag is larger than hers.

...The book is much more interesting than that one.

（2）笔记要点：两个形容词比较级由 and连在一起,表示“越来越……”

...It is getting colder and colder.

...She is becoming more and more beautiful

.

（3）笔记要点：这种句型结构表示“越……越……”

...The older we grow,the poorer our memory will be.

...The earlier we start,the sooner we'll get there.

（4）笔记要点：二者之比较.而Of the three girls,she is the cleverest.

...I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.

...Of the two brothers,he is the cleverer.

最高级构成方式：

三者或三者以上进行比较,“the + 形容词 / 副词est”.

(1)

John is the tallest of the three.

He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略）

This is the most difficult book I've read.

(2)

He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级）

She is younger than all the other students.

相关思考练习题：

题1：什么时候用比较级和最高级

点拨：一、形容词比较级一般用在比较两个事物的时候。 二、最高级，顾名思义就是在比较时候，某一事物具有某方面最典型的特征。 三、构成：

题2：英语形容词比较级最高级的用法

点拨：形容词比较级的用法 在"...than..."句中, 在"which..., ...or...?"句中，表示两者比较,, 比较级+and+比较级 The more..., the more... 形容词比较级前可受 much, far, a lot, still, no, a little, even, any 修饰,表示超出的程度. 形容词最高级...

题3：英语比较级和最高级的区别和用法？

点拨：比较就是，在两者之中，a比B怎么样。例如，a is taller than b.--a 比b高 最高级就是a,b，c中,最突出的那个是怎样的，a is the tallest.--a 最高。 比较级的一般形式，是在形容词后加er,或者是more+形容词 最高级的一般形式，是在形容词后加est,...

题4：比较级和最高级的区别？

点拨：More careful，The most careful 我们对这些新概念有保留，它们需要更仔细的审议。 We have reservations on these new concepts, which require greater elaboration. 即使是最仔细的校对者也会偶尔出错。 Even the most careful proofreader w...

题5：adj和adv.的比较级和最高级

点拨：1.一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est; (1)单音节词 如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest (2)双音节词 如：clever→cleverer→cleve...