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消极的英文

移动版    时间:2019-06-01 16:16

概括:这道题是明捍诼同学的课后练习题,主要是关于消极的英文,指导老师为袁老师。消极是一个汉语词汇,读音是xiāo jí,意思是与"积极"相对,否定的;反面的;不利的;阻碍发展的。不求进取;消沉。

题目:消极的英文

解:

积极:active

energetic

vigorous

消极:passive

inactive

参考思路:

optimistic & pessimistic 乐观 & 悲观

意思相近,但不完全一样。

举一反三

例1: 积极词汇和消极词汇的英文是什么?谢谢[英语练习题]


思路提示:

积极词汇 positive words/vocabulary

消极词汇 negative words/vocabulary

例2: 【表示否定的英语单词有哪些?】[英语练习题]


思路提示:

(1)表示否定的词语

hardly,barely,seldom,rarely,scarcely,little,few; nobody,nothing,neither,not,no,nor,never,none; deny,fail,miss,doubt,beyond,without,no one,nowhere,past,ignore,overlook,above,off,miss,dislike,eliminate,reject,deny,fail,stop,lease,decline,grudge,refuse

(2)表示否定的短语

at a loss,out of,instead of,short of,independent of,devoid of,ignorant of,innocent of,far from,free from,rather than,not everywhere,all… not,both… not,every…not,no…no (not),not…without,no (no not,nothing,never)… but,too…to,can't but,can't help but,not (never,no) …unless,not…until,neither… nor,anything but,not better than

(3)表示否定的句型

She should know better than to trust such a man.

=She shouldn't trust such a man.

Catch me doing that.

=I shall not do that.

If ever I heard the like.

=I never heard the like.

That science is all Greek to me,and I cannot follow it at all.

=I know nothing about that science,I can't understand it.

I'll eat my hat if I do.

=I shall not do that.

God knows!

=It is not something that ordinary people can know.

例3: 英语中常用否定词有哪些啊?像seldom、little什么的,原来很清楚,用到后来自己都晕了,谁能帮我整理一下?不用很多的,中学范围内就行了。[英语练习题]


思路提示:

除否定词not可用于构成否定句外,还有其他一些否定词语可以表示否定:

1.用no表示.其意为“没有”:

We have no children of our own.我们没有自己的孩子.

I’ve got no news from him.我没听到他的消息.

【注】no后接名词时也可换成not any:

I have no [not any] friends here.我在这儿没有朋友.

2.用never表示.其意为“从不”:

I have never been there.我从未去过那儿.

That will never do.那决不行.

3.用little,few表示.little用于指不可数名词,few用于指可数名词,均表示“很少”:

There is little time left.没什么时间了.

Few people like snakes.很少有人喜欢蛇.

【注】若在其前用不定冠词,则表示肯定意义:

There is a little time left.还有点点时间.

A few people like snakes.有少数人喜欢蛇.

4.用nobody,no one,nothing表示.nobody和no one用于指人,其意为“没有人”;nothing用于指物,其意为“没有任何东西”:

No one [Nobody] wants to go there.没有人想去那儿.

She said nothing.她什么也没说.

5.用none表示.意为“没有人或物”:

None of the pupils knew the answer.学生中谁都不知道答案.

None of this milk can be used.这牛奶一点都不能用了.

6.用neither表示.意为“两者都不”:

I like neither of the books.这两本书我都不喜欢.

Neither of us enjoy getting up early.我们俩谁也不喜欢早起.

7.用seldom表示.意为“很少”:

The children are seldom ill.这些孩子很少生病.

It seldom snows here.这儿很少下雪.

8.用hardly表示.意为“几乎不”:

He hardly ever eats meat.他几乎从不吃肉.

Jim is hardly ever late.吉姆几乎从不迟到.

9.用too…to表示.该结构虽不含否定词,但含有否定含义,意为“太…以致不能…”:

It is too late to do anything now.现在要做什么已为时太晚.

I’m too tired to go any farther.我太累了,走不动了.

例4: “为了”英语这个单词的否定形式[英语练习题]


思路提示:

in order not to do sth

为了不做某事

in order to do sth

为了做某事

介词;为了;for

动词;为了;in order to

例5: 英语中表示否定的词有哪些?[英语练习题]


思路提示:

一、显形否定

常用否定词

no,not,never,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neither,

nor,neither...nor,but,without,unless,but for,but that,in the absence

of,regardless of, instead of,exclusive of,short of,rather than,anything

but,any more than,out of the question,would no more...than

由a-,dis-,il-,im-,ir-,un-,non-,anti-,mal-,under-等前缀及-less,-free,-proof等后缀合成的否定词

hardly,scarcely,barely,little,few,seldom等半否定词

avoid,ban,call

off,cancel,deny,deprive,exclude,escape,evade,forbid,free...from,free

from/of,fail,hate,ignore,lack,lose,miss,naught,neglect, prohibit,quit,

refuse,rid,rule out,stop以及above,against,beneath,beyond,far from,off,out

of,past和absent,bad,bare, empty, last, poor,vaccant等可用于表达否定概念的词.

1) 这类否定句要注意如下三个问题:

否定程度的强弱,说话者的态度以及否定句式表肯定概念

但有些否定词的位置不同,含义也不同.

这类词还有 advise,tell,ask,require,request,pretend 等.

3)部分否定(或不完全否定)

了上述c)类词以外,当

all,both,every,everything,everybody,everywhere,always,often,completely,

wholly,entirely,necessarily 与not 连用时,也表示部分否定:

另外,d)类词属多义词,必须多加小心,尤其是beyond等介词,要注意其搭配关系.

beyond:

~ expectation(出乎意料), ~ debate / controversy(无可争议,无疑的), ~

dispute(无可辩驳),~ description(无法描述),~ cure(不可救药),~ one誷 grasp or

conception(不可理解), ~ control (无法控制), ~ belief(难以置信),~ all

comparison(不能相提并论,不能相比)

out of: ~ sight(看不见),~ humour(不高兴),~ breath

(喘不过气来), ~ cash(没有钱),~ mind(不去想),~ bounds(不准进入), ~ date / style /

fashion(过时,不时髦),~ work(失业),~ danger(脱离危险)

beneath criticism(不值得批评);past repair(无法修补),past all belief(不可思议);off one誷 mind (不放在心上),off colour(精神不好,身体不舒服)

常用否定句型

1)too...to...,too...for...

2)stop (prevent,keep,hinder,protect,save,prohibit,dissuade...)...from...

3)利用虚拟语气表否定

4)用before引导的从句表“来不及……,不等,未……先……,以防”等否定含义

5)预先安排的事未办到或计划落空

6)用比较级句型表否定

7)其它含否定概念的句型

二、隐形否定

此类否定既无特定句型,又无否定词,其否定含义多为习惯用语或引申义,颇为费解,也最易出错,切不可望文“生译”

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