初中英语被动语态

概括：这道题是金锹烧同学的课后练习题，主要是关于初中英语被动语态，指导老师为慎老师。《俗语谚语歇后语分类词典》是2012年出版的图书，作者是石恢。

题目：初中英语被动语态

解：

人教新目标版 初三 Unit3

标题：Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes

（一）被动语态的构成

1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词

2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构(以动词do为例)

时态

主动语态

被动语态

例句

主动语态

被动语态

一般现在时

do/ does

am/ is/ are＋done

We clean the classroom.

The classroom is cleaned by us.

一般过去时

did

was/ were＋done

He made the kite.

The kite was made by him.

现在进行时

am/ is/are＋doing

am/ is/ are＋being done

She is watering flowers.

Flowers are being watered by her.

现在完成时

have/has＋done

have/ has＋been done

Jim has finished the work.

The work has been finished by Jim.

一般将来时

will/ shall/ be going to ＋do

will/ shall/ be going to＋be done

They will plant trees tomorrow.

Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

过去进行时

was/ were＋doing

was/ were＋being＋done

She was writing a letter this time yesterday.

A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.

过去完成时

had＋done

had＋been＋done

Jim had finished the work.

The work had been finished by Jim.

过去将来时

would/ should/ be going to＋do

would/should/ be going to＋do

He said he would made a kite.

He said a kite would be made by him.

含有情态动词

can/ may/ must＋do

can/may/must＋be＋done

I can find him.

He can be found by me.

（二）被动语态的用法

被动语态中主语是动作的承受者,主要用于下列几种情况

1．不知道动作的执行者是谁.

e.g.This watch is made in China.

这块手表是在中国制造的.

2．没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁.

e.g.More trees must be planted every year.

每年必须有更多的树被种植.

3．需要强调或突出动作的承受者时.

e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.

世界上越来越多的人说汉语(强调汉语的使用广泛).

4．动作的发出者不是人时.

e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.

很多房屋在洪水中被冲走了.

（三）主动语态和被动语态的转换

1．主动语态变被动语态：

　　（1）要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分,若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变主格.

　　（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,主格变宾格,并由by引导.

　　（3）谓语动词变成相应的被动形式.

　　

e.g.We asked him to sing an English song.

我们让他唱一首英语歌.

He was asked to sing an English song by us.

他被我们要求唱一首英语歌.

2．带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态

　　谓语动词带双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可接直接宾语转化成主语.若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for.

e.g.She gave me a book. (变为被动语态)→

I was given a book. (间接宾语me改为主语)

A book was given to me. (育接宾语a book改为主语)

3．短语动词变为被动语态

　　许多由不及物动词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语,也可以有被动语态.注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.

e.g.We should speak to old men politely. (变为被动语态)→

Old men should be spoken to politely. (to不可省略)

4．带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态

　　宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语.变被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动句主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,成为主语补足语.

e.g.I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.(变为被动语态)→

Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.

5．被动语态后动词形式的选择

　　主动句中在感官动词see、hear、watch、feel、notice等使役动词, 也称为感官动词,let、make、here等动词后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动句时,应加上不定式符号to.

e.g.He makes the girl stay at home.(改为被动结构)→

The girl is made to stay at home.

Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.(改为同义句)→

They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.

四句话：①主语变成宾语；

　　　　②宾语变成主语；

　　　　③动词一分为二；

　　　　④时态体现在be动词上.

（四）被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式

1．主动结构表被动意义

（1）open、lock、write、read、sell、clean、wash、cut、burn、drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可用主动语态表被动意义.

e.g.This kind of pen writes very smoothly.

这种笔写起来很流畅.

This kind of shirt sells well here.

这种样式的衬衫在这很好卖.

（2）look、sound、taste、smell等系动词主动结构表被动意义.

e.g.Uniforms look ugly on us.

我们穿着制服很难看.

Mooncakes taste delicious.

月饼吃起来很好.

（3）be worth doing中,doing表被动意义.

e.g.This book is worth reading.

这本书值得一读.

（4）want/ need/ require＋doing相当于want/ need/ require＋to be done.to be done表不定式的被动结构.

e.g.My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.

我的自行车需要修理.

（五）不用被动语态的情况

1．主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时,不能用于被动语态.

e.g.The man introduced himself as Mr. White. (主动语态)

那个人自我介绍说他是怀特先生.

Himself was introduced as Mr. White.(误)

They help each other study English. (主动语态)

他们互相帮助学习英语.

Each other is helped study English. (误)

2．当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词时,不能用于被动语态.

e.g.We will have a meeting.

我们将开一个会.

3．主动语态的宾语是动词不定式或-ing形式时,不能用作被动语态的主语.

e.g.My brother enjoys watching TV

He asked to have a try.

他请求试一次.

　　注意：解答被动语态题目时,首先要判断主语和动作的关系,如果主语是动作的执行者,则用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者,则用被动语态.

参考思路：

人教新目标版 初三 Unit3

标题：Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes

举一反三

例1： 初中英语被动语态[英语练习题]

思路提示：

被动语态就是be 动词＋动词的过去分词!像 the cake is bought by him.蛋糕被他买走了.

还有些特殊的时候!

情态动词后面＋be＋过去分词(pp)

1.should be +pp

2.must be +pp

3.can be +pp

另外have/ has/had

have/has/had +been +pp

还有进行时态

is/are +being +pp

还有过去式的

was+being +pp(过去进行时）

had +been +pp(过去完成时）

was +pp（一般过去时）

一般就这些拉!初中这些就差不多了!还有问题可以问我哦!

例2： 【初中英语的改被动语态weheardhersingaforeignsonglastnight改被动语态能不能改成"aforeignsongweheardwassungbyherlastnight"?】[英语练习题]

思路提示：

差一点就对了,应该是这样的:

A foreign song which we heard last night was sung by her.

OK了不?

例3： 【初中英语被动语态专项练习答案()45Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended()46Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuilt‘C.aregoingtober】[英语练习题]

思路提示：

( D)45 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.

A.can mend B.can mended C.can be mend D.can be mended

( A)46 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.

A.is going to be rebuilt B.will rebuilt ‘

C.are going to be rebuilt D.are going to rebuilt

(A )47 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.

A.is going to be shown B.will shown C.will show D.is shown

(A )48 The old stone bridge ___ next week.

A.is going to be rebuilt B.will be rebuild

C.are going to be rebuilt D.will rebuild

( D)49 Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.

A.have kept B.are keeping C.have been keeping D.have been kept

(B )50 The pot ___ for ___ hot water.

A.used; keeping B.was used; keeping C.is used; to keep D.are used; keep

( A)51 Tea ___ in the south of China.

A.grows B.is grown C.were grown D.will grow

( D)55 The bridges___ two years ago.WO It's a Haidian top problem

A.is built B.built C.were built D.was built

( D) 56 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather.

A.hang B.hanged C.hanging D.hung

(B ) 57The river smells terrible.People must ___ dirty things into it.

A.be stopped to throw B.be stopped from throwing

C.stop to throw D.stop from throwing

( A)58 The teapot ___ water.

A.is filled with B.filled of C.fulling of D.filled

( D)59 Old people must be looked ^fter well and ___ politely.

A.speak to B.spoken C.speak D.spoken to

( D)60Old people must ___.

A.look after well B.be looked well after

C.looked well after D.be looked after well

( B) 61 Newly-born babies___in hospital.

A.are taken good care B.are taken good care of

C.take good care of D.take good care

(B ) 62 They were___ at the sudden noise.

A.frightening B.frightened C.frighten D.frightens

( A) 63 These walls___stone.

A.are made of B.made of C.are made into D.made into

( B) 64 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.

A.called B.was asked C.told D.was said

(A ) 65 The papers ___ to them.

A.were shown B.show C.shown D.have shown

(C )66The coat___her sister.

A.made to B.were made for C.was made for D.was made to

(D )67 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.

A.gave B.was giving C.had given D.was given

(D ) 68 Good care____such things.

A.should take of B.should be taken C.should be taking D.should be taken of

希望能够帮到楼主

例4： 初中英语被动语态练习题及答案[英语练习题]

思路提示：

1

( ) 1 The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.

A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found

( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.

A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken

( ) 3 This English song___ by the girls after class.

A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung

( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.

A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made

( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.

A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used

2

( ) 1 Our room must ___ clean.

A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep

( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.

A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold

( ) 3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.

A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building

( ) 4 The key ___ on the table when I leave.

A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left

( ) 5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.

A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need

( ) 6 His new book___ next month.

A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published

3

( ) 1 Japanese ___ in every country.

A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking

( ) 2 These papers___yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written

( ) 3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.

A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't

4

( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.

A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?

( ) 2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.

A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are

( ) 3 ___ these desks be needed?

A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do

5

( ) 1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?

A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held

( ) 2 Who was the book___?

A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by

( ) 3 Where ___ these boxes made?

A. was B. were C. is D. am

6

( ) 1 The flowers ___ often.

A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water

( ) 2 The books may___ for two weeks.

A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow

( ) 3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.

A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended

7

( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.

A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt

( ) 2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.

A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown

( ) 3 The old stone bridge ___ next week

.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild

8

( ) 1 Now these magazines__ in the library for a long time.

A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept

( ) 2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water

.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep

( ) 3 Tea ___ in the south of China.

A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow

( ) 4 The bridges___ two years ago.

A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built

( ) 5 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather

.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung

9

( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.

A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing

( ) 2 The teapot ___ water

.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled

( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.

A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to

( ) 4 Old people must ___.

A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well

10

( ) 1 Newly-born babies___in hospital.

A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care

( ) 2 They were___ at the sudden noise.

A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens

( ) 3 These walls ___ stone.

A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into

11

( ) 1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.

A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said

( ) 2 The papers ___ to them.

A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown

( ) 3 The coat___her sister.

A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to

12

( ) 1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.

A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given

( ) 2 Good care____such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of

( ) 3 She will____good care____.

A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you

13( ) 1 The teacher made him___ his homework.

A. to do B. do C. did D. done

( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.

A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean

( ) 3 These children____dance.

A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to

14( ) 1 These stones___well.

A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted

( ) 2 The bike ___ 500 yuan.

A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed

( ) 3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.

A. was'had B. was held C. held D. had

15( ) 1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.

A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place

( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it____.

A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down

( ) 3 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.

A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened

( ) 4 The watch has often ___ down.

A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell

16( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one___.

A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken

( ) 2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing

( ) 3 What time ___ the door ___ every day?

A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close

17( ) 1 Can he___ himself?

A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of

( ) 2 He fell from his bike and ___.

A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt

( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__

A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn

18( ) 1 The apple___very sweet.

A. is tasted B. taste -C. tastes D. are tasting

( ) 2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.

A. see B. watch C. look D. look at

( ) 3 What you said ___. like a good idea.

A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded

19

( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.

A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing

( ) 2 How dirty the tables are! They need___.

A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned

( ) 3 The book is worth ___.

A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read

参考答案：

1. 1-5 B D D D C 2. 1-6 B C B B C A 3. 1-3 A B B 4. 1-3 A B A 5. 1-3 B D B

6. 1-3 B A D 7. 1-3 A B A 8. 1-5 D B B C D 9. 1-4 B A D D

10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A

14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D

18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B

例5： 完成句子TheywereinventedbyJulie.(Julie划线,对划线部分提问)___theyinvented?一共三个空.[英语练习题]

思路提示：

By Who/whom were

相关思考练习题：

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